Oz scientists close to deliver bionic eye devices

Australian scientists are close to deliver one of the bionic eye devices to be tested on patients in about two years. The bionic eye device will consist of a tiny camera mounted into a pair of glasses, which acts as the retina; a pocket processor, which takes the electronic information from the camera and converts it into signals. It enables the brain to build up a visual construct; and cortical implants of several tiles which will be the portal for the stimulation of the visual cortex. According to statement by Monash University, research to restore sight to the clinically blind has reached a critical stage, with testing underway of the prototype microchips that will power the bionic eye. Electrical engineers from the Monash Vision Group (MVG) have begun trialling the microchips, with early laboratory tests proving positive, and pre-clinical assessment due to begin shortly. The Director of MVG, Arthur Lowery said the positive result meant the project was on track to deliver a direct-to-brain bionic eye implant ready for patient tests in 2014. "The aim for this vision prosthetic is to be at least equivalent to a seeing-eye dog or a white cane. While it would initially complement existing aids such as these, we believe the device eventually will replace them, and as the technology is further refined, become sufficiently sensitive to discriminate large print," Lowery said. "The microchips we are testing will be implanted directly on the surface of a patient`s visual cortex, located at the back of the brain. It`s estimated that each patient will receive a grid of up to 14 eight-by-eight millimetre tiles," Lowery said. Each tile comprises a four-by-four millimetre microchip with some 500,000 transistors and 45 hair-thin electrodes. When fully operational, these tiles will receive low- resolution, black-and-white images from an external digital processing unit connected to a high-resolution camera. Jean-Michel Redoute, MVG`s Programme Leader, Implantable Electronics, said one of the project`s main challenges was harnessing and powering this array of electrically-charged devices in the brain. "Achieving acceptable vision requires far more electrode capacity than the amount required to power a bionic ear. While the bionic ear requires approximately 15 electrodes, we`ll need at least 600 to produce useful vision for patients," Redoute said. Over 50,000 people in Australia are considered clinically blind. The number exceeds 160 million globally.