New Iran sanctions would risk war, White House warns

The White House warned US lawmakers Tuesday that tightening sanctions on Iran could box America into a "march to war" and derail a diplomatic push to limit Tehran's atomic program. The warning marked a significant toughening of President Barack Obama's stance towards Congress as he prepares to resume high-stakes nuclear diplomacy with Iran later this month. "The American people do not want a march to war," White House spokesman Jay Carney told reporters. Obama has vowed he will not allow Iran to develop a nuclear weapon, but last week intense negotiations in Geneva between Iran and six world powers failed to reach an interim deal to halt its program. Fresh from the talks, Secretary of State John Kerry heads to Capitol Hill on Wednesday to make the case for continued diplomacy. Key senators from both parties, some responding to Israel's denunciation of the proposed agreement, are proposing stiffer sanctions or may curtail Obama's power to ease current measures, which have crippled the Iranian economy. But the White House warned that new sanctions could scupper the diplomatic process and leave little option but the use of military force against Tehran's nuclear program. Carney said Americans "justifiably and understandably prefer a peaceful solution that prevents Iran from obtaining a nuclear weapon, and this agreement, if it's achieved, has the potential to do that." "The alternative is military action," Carney said. "It is important to understand that if pursuing a resolution diplomatically is disallowed or ruled out, what options then do we and our allies have to prevent Iran from acquiring a nuclear weapon?" Republican Senator Mark Kirk, however, argued that sanctions remained the best way to avoid war and ensure Iran did not get nuclear weapons. "The American people should not be forced to choose between military action and a bad deal that accepts a nuclear Iran," he said. White House aides privately say that once war-weary Americans understand the alternative to a deal with Iran means another Middle East conflict, they will warm to Obama's approach. Officials have also warned further action at this stage by Congress would strengthen hardliners in Iran opposed to dialogue between new Iranian President Hassan Rouhani's envoys and Washington. Tehran denies Western claims it is trying to develop a nuclear weapon. Kerry will take the administration's position directly to the Senate Banking Committee, which is mulling a new sanctions package. "The secretary will be clear that putting new sanctions in place would be a mistake," State Department spokeswoman Jen Psaki said. "What we are asking for right now is a pause, a temporary pause in sanctions," she told reporters. "We are not rolling them back." The House of Representatives has already passed a bill hardening up the sanctions, but the Senate agreed to delay further action to allow diplomacy a chance to succeed. Both Republicans and Democrats have grown increasingly skeptical. Senate Foreign Relations Committee chairman Robert Menendez said in a USA Today op-ed that new sanctions are a "necessary insurance policy" to ensure Iran negotiates in good faith. "We cannot substitute wild-eyed hope for clear-eyed pragmatism given Iran's record of deception," he said. And he branded it "incompatible" for Tehran to pursue talks while installing centrifuges and developing a heavy-water reactor. "Tougher sanctions will serve as an incentive for Iran to verifiably dismantle its nuclear weapons program. When Iran complies, sanctions can be unwound and economic relief will follow," he said. An aide to Banking Committee chairman Tim Johnson said the senator "will not make a decision on additional sanctions until he has had a chance to consult with his colleagues following the briefing" by Kerry on Wednesday. The committee's top Republican, Senator Mike Crapo, has said he wants to "move ahead expeditiously" with a new sanctions regime. "I don’t see how we should adjust our sanctions policy before there is any progress on the negotiation," he told Politico last week. Colin Kahl, director of the Middle East Security Program at the Center for a New American Security, said Congress was warming to the idea that sanctions pressure got Iran to the negotiating table and "more pressure will get them over the goal line." But Kahl told reporters that "Congress should be mindful... of doing things that would arm hardliners with the argument that the West isn't serious" about engaging Iran diplomatically over its nuclear program. Trita Parsi, president of the National Iranian American Council, agreed, saying new sanctions could seriously limit Rouhani's ability to maintain his "soft position" on the negotiations. "The hardliners are waiting to destroy him," Parsi said. Negotiators "need to strike a deal before the Congress comes out and essentially closes the window of diplomacy."